Prevalence and impact of diabetes and cardiovascular disease on clinical outcome among patients with COVID-19 in Bangladesh

02, May 2021 | Bangladesh

Authors:

Abstract

Background: Patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) with preexisting diabetes and cardio- vascular metabolic diseases have higher fatality rate. The circulation of new variants with emerging clinical characteristics requires more studies focusing the impact of preexisting health conditions on outcome of COVID-19 accurately. Aims: Main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) on disease prognosis and severe health outcomes among patients with COVID-19. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 799 patients with COVID-19 during December 10, 2020, to February 10, 2020 in Bangladesh. Logistic regression analysis was performed for age, sex, dia- betes, CVD and symptoms on fatality. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to predict the survival rate. Results: Fatality was detected in 40% (318 of 799) patients with COVID-19. Among 318 fatalities, 90.6% were detected in patients with CVD and 74.5% in patients with diabetes. Case fatality rate was highest in patients with COVID-19, CVD and diabetes (94, 184 of 195). Fever (91%) and dry cough (71%) were the most frequent symptoms. CVD (42.2%), diabetes (32.7%) and obesity (18%) were prevalent. The highest odds of risk was detected in patients with COVID-19, CVD and diabetes (OR: 6.98, 95% CI, 4.21 to 7.34). Female patients had the highest survival rate. Conclusions: In this study, 318 fatality was seen in 799 patients with COVID-19. The highest odds of fatality risk was detected in patients with COVID-19, CVD and diabetes. The risk increased many folds when CVD and diabetes coexisted in patients.